森林凋落物及其分解过程的研究进展

Research progress on the forest litterfall and its decomposition process

森林凋落物是林地有机质的主要来源,其凋落量及分解过程对森林生态系统物质循环和能量流动影响极大。文章综述了森林凋落物的概念、组成及控制凋落量的主要因素;指出凋落物自身特性尤其是化学特性以及土壤生物、气候、土壤理化性质、人类活动等外部环境条件是影响凋落物分解的主要因子;分析了现阶段反映凋落物分解状况的分解率概算模型、时间衰退模型和影响因子关系模型;提出在全球环境变化背景下,森林凋落物各组分之间交互效应对其分解过程的影响,将是今后研究的热点。

Forest litterfall is the main source of organic matter in forest land.Litterfall and its decomposition process have an important influence on the biomass recycling and energy flow in forest ecosystem.The present paper discusses about the concept and composition of forest litterfall,and main factors controlling litter production.It was pointed out that the characteristics of litterfall especially its chemical characteristics,soil organisms,climate and soil physical and chemical properties are the main factors that affect litterfall decomposition.Decomposition rate estimation model,time attenuation model and influence factors relationship model which are currently used to reflect litterfall decomposition have also been analyzed and discussed in this paper.It was suggested that under the background of global environmental change,the in-fluence of interaction between different components of forest litterfall on litterfall decomposition would be a hot topic of re-search on litterfall decomposition in the future.