结霜现象及抑霜技术的研究进展

A Review on Frost Formation and Anti-frosting Technology

结霜现象广泛存在于制冷、低温储存、空调热泵以及其它低温领域,霜层的存在会增加换热热阻,降低传热系数,对换热系统造成一定的危害。因此研究冷表面上的结霜机理,探索有效的抑霜除霜方法一直倍受国内外学者的关注。文章简单介绍了冷表面结霜现象的基础研究,以及外加电场和磁场对结霜过程的影响,综述了抑霜技术的研究进展,主要包括表面改性如通过疏水和亲水处理来控制结霜现象的研究现状,最后对抑霜技术的研究方向以及应用前景进行了总结和展望。

Frost formation is a common phenomenon in refrigeration, cold storage, air conditioning, heat pump and other cryogenic systems. Significant frost accumulation results in both the additional thermal resistance and the decrease in heat transfer coefficients. Many researchers have focused on the investigation into frost formation mechanism and tried to find various effective defrosting methods in recent years. In this paper, the fundamental of frost formation on the cold surface is stated including the effects of applied electric field and magnetic field on frost formation. The research progress of anti-frosting technologies is summarized. The most effective method of controlling frost deposition might be surface modification, such as super-hydrophobic surfaces and super- hydrophilic surfaces. In addition, the future research and potential application of anti-frosting technologies are presented.