天津市塘沽区流动人口艾滋病知识知晓率调查

Status of awareness of AIDS knowledge among floating populations in Tanggu district of Tianjin City

目的了解塘沽区流动人口艾滋病相关知识知晓情况,为动员全社会力量,深入有效的开展艾滋病防治工作提供依据和建议。方法采取分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取天津市塘沽区4个建筑工地、2个大型洗浴中心和1个商贸聚集地的流动人口进行自填式问卷调查。结果本次调查共发放调查问卷650份,回收有效问卷605份,有效率93.08%。调查对象艾滋病的总体知识知晓率为31.2%,大多数调查对象对艾滋病病人的态度倾向于消极。绝大多数人认为安全套可以预防性病、艾滋病并可以避免怀孕,约1/3的人同意"在需要时肯定会记得随身携带安全套"。如果发生性行为,近半数的人会主动要求并使用安全套。近四成的人认为购买安全套的方便程度为"一般",近半数的调查对象认为安全套的价格"一般"。如果有性病、艾滋病方面的问题,大部分调查对象首选大医院/专科医院,其次是疾病预防控制中心。调查对象希望得到的预防艾滋病的服务最多的是艾滋病免费检查(57.5%),其次是免费提供安全套、免费提供艾滋病预防宣传材料和匿名咨询。结论流动人口的艾滋病知识知晓率较低,应加强流动人口艾滋病防治知识的宣传。提高流动人口艾滋病知识知晓率应该从大的策略调整和小的细节改变这两个环节入手,以应对新形势下目标人群需求的变化。

Objective To understand the awareness status of AIDS among floating populations in Tanggu district,and to provide scientific evidence and suggestion for AIDS prevention and control.Methods By using stratified cluster sampling,an questionnaire survey was conducted among four building sites,two large bathing centers and one commercial conglomeration in Tanggu district.The main survey contents included demology characteristic,knowledge of AIDS,attitude and behavior.Results Totally 650 questionnaires were issued and 630 questionnaires were called back.605 questionnaires were available（93.08%）.The total awareness rate of AIDS among research objects was 31.2%,and a majority of objects held passive attitude to AIDS patients.Most objects thought that condom can prevent venereal disease,AIDS and pregnancy,and about third objects agreed ＂take condom momentarily if necessary＂.Half people used condom voluntarily when sexual behavior happened.About 40% thought the convenience degree to buy condom was ecumenical,and about 50% thought the price of condom was ecumenical.If there were questions on venereal disease and AIDS,most objects chose visit to large hospital firstly,center for disease control and prevention secondly.The favorite services for objects was respectively free check-up of AIDS（57.5%）,distributing condom free,distributing material free and anonymous consultation.Conclusion Floating populations had low awareness of AIDS,which indicates that AIDS prevention and control should be strengthened among them.To adjust general population strategies and specific measurements is the key to raise AIDS awareness of floating populations.