儿童感染金黄色葡萄球菌的临床特点与耐药状况

Clinical characteristics and antibiotic resistance of infections of staphylococcus aureus in children

目的：了解本地区儿童感染金黄色葡萄球菌的临床特点和耐药状况,为临床诊治提供参考。方法：对桂林医学院附属医院感染金黄色葡萄球菌（SAU）的患儿的临床特点进行调查,采用VITEK32全自动微生物分析仪GPS药敏板,检测SAU分离株对20种抗菌药物的敏感性。结果：分离SAU 42株,检出SAU较多的标本是脓液和分泌物,检出SAU的患儿中0-3岁28例（66.67%）。SAU对青霉素、红霉素、克林霉素、四环素和苯唑西林的耐药率分别为100.0%、76.2%、66.7%、66.7%和47.6%,对头孢唑林、头孢呋辛、头孢噻肟、头孢唑肟、复方新诺明、诺氟沙星的敏感率超过85.0%,未发现对左旋氧氟沙星、米诺环素、万古霉素、替考拉宁、利福平、夫西地酸、呋喃妥因、达福普汀耐药的菌株。结论：在脓液和分泌物标本中、在皮肤软组织感染和婴幼儿的标本中检出的SAU占总数的比例较大。本地区儿童感染的SAU对青霉素类、大环内酯类抗菌药的耐药率较高,头孢菌素类、复方新诺明、夫西地酸、呋喃妥因可以考虑用于治疗本地区SAU引起的儿童感染。

Objective： To investigate the clinical characteristic and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus（SAU）from children who got infections,and provide information for clinic.Methods：The total children infected with SAU were investigated by us in the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University. VITEK32 automatic microbial monitor GPS was used to test the antimicrobial sensitivities of SAU isolates to 20 kinds of drugs.Results： 42 strains of SAU were separated.The most common locus where SAU was positive was liquor puris and secretion.The most common age with SAU infection was 0～3,which accounted 66.67%.The resistance rates to penicillin,erythromycin,clindamycin,tetracycline and oxacillin were 100.0%,76.2%,66.7%,66.7%,47.6%,respectively and the sensitive rates to cefazolin,cefuroxime,cefotaxime,ceftizoxime, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and norfloxacin exceeded 85.0%.No strain was found resistant to levofloxacin,minocycline,vancomycin,teicoplanin,rifampicin,fusidic acid,furadantin and dalfopristin.Conclusion： Among samples of liquor puris and secretion,the proportion of SAU separation from skin and soft tissue infections and infants was comparatively large.The resistance rates to penicillin,erythrocin and clindamycin were high in our findings.Most of the β-lactam antibiotics,sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim,fusidic acid and furadantin were still suitable for SAU infections in children in Guilin.