2Mariappan P,Tolley D A.Endoscopic stone surgery:minimizing the risk of post-operative sepsis[J].Curr Opin Urol,2005,15:101-105.
3O'Keeffe N K,Mortimer A J,Sambrook P A,et al.Severe sepsis following percutaneous or endoscopic procedures for urinary tract stones[J].Br J Urol,1993,72(3):277-283.
4Mariappan P,Loong C W.Mid stream urine culture and sensitivity test is a poor predictor of infected urine proximal tO the obstructing ureteric stone or infected stones:a prospective clinical study[J].J Urol,2004,171(6):2142-2145.
5Opal S M,Scannon P J,Vincent J L,et al.Relationship between levels of lipp01ysaccharide(LPS)and LPS -binding protein in patients with sepsis and septic shock[J].J Infec Dis,1999,180(5):1584-1589.
6Cadeddu J A,Chen R,Binshoff J,et al.Clinical significance of fever after percutaneous nephrostomy[J].Urology,1998,52(1):48-50.
7Abrahams H M,Stoller M L.Infection and urinary stones[J],Curr Opin Urol.2003,13:63-67.
8Troxel S A,Low R K.Renal intrapelvic pressure during pereutaneous nephrolithotomy and its correlation with the development of prostoperative fever[J].J Urol,2002,168:1348-1351.
9Jou Y C,Cheng M C,Lin C T,et al.Nephrostomy tube-free percutaneous nephrolithotomy for patients with large stones and staghorn stones[J].Urology,2006,67(1):30-34.