社会科学研究中自然主义范式之反思

Reflection on Naturalistic in Social Science Research

在社会科学研究中,我们正处于一个新旧范式转换的时代,即从实证主义范式向自然主义范式转换。自然主义范式较实证主义范式更具适切性,更接近生活现实,更利于解释特定情境中现实的意义与价值。在实施自然主义研究中,要注意以下问题:必须在一种自然环境中进行;以人为研究工具;强调质的研究方法;倾向于目的性抽样;在原始资料的基础上建立扎根理论;强调紧跟设计。

We are in a transition era of the old and the new paradigm in social science research,changing from the positivistic paradigm to the naturalistic paradigm.Compared to positivistic paradigm,naturalistic paradigm is more appropriate,closer to reality and more helpful to explain the significance and value of reality in the particular context.In the implementation of naturalistic paradigm,it is necessary to pay attention to the following questions： naturalistic paradigm must be carried out in a natural setting;uses human instrument;stresses qualitative methods;prefers to purposive sampling;is based on the grounded theory;stresses emergent design.