中国贫困地区的空巢村庄:陕北农村迁移的案例研究

"Empty Villages" in Poor Areas of China:A Case Study of Rural Migration in North Shaanxi

中国的区域发展不平衡和收入分配不平均加快了农村向城市的迁移速度,在偏远山村出现了很多空巢村庄。本文利用第二次全国农业统计调查中陕北两个农村地区的数据,分析了我国贫困地区农村人口迁移状况,统计分析和多元回归分析的结果揭示了我国贫困地区人口迁移的模式、原因和迁移的后果。本文主要结论如下:在同一地区较贫困的家庭比其他地区的人更可能发生迁移;家庭的迁移行为与劳动力的迁移行为是截然不同的。根据分析本文提出了作为城乡一体化过程中的农村移民的国家战略。

Uneven regional growth and distribution of incomes in China have accelerated rural-urban migration across the country,leading to the emergence of many 'empty villages' in remote and resource-poor areas.This paper uses village level data to understand the causes and consequences of migration from two prefectures of North Shaanxi based on the Second National Agricultural Survey.Detailed statistical analysis and results from a multivariate regression provide information on the patterns,causes and consequences of migration.The key conclusions are as follows.Poorer households within the same locality or people living in more adverse conditions are more likely to migrate than others.Furthermore,the behavior of household migration is distinctively different from that of labor migration.Based on the above conclusions,we consider rural migration as an important part of the national strategy on urbanization and rural-urban integration.