江湖诗祸与宋季诗人心态、创作趋向研究

A Study on the Jianghu Poem Case and the Poets' Mentality and the Literature Creation Tendency in the Late Song Dynasty

理宗宝庆年间发生的江湖诗祸是南宋的权相专权政治与中下层士人参政议政之风相碰撞的必然产物,它摧折了广大文人参与现实的勇气。受诗祸打击,宋季江湖文人失去了前辈刘过、姜夔等的独立人格,他们或远离政治,从"雌黄士大夫"转而"口不谈世事";或随波逐流,沦为受生存驱使的无行谒客。江湖文人是宋季文坛最活跃、最具创造性的力量,江湖诗祸则是恶化宋季文学生态的催化剂,成为压垮宋季文坛的最后一根稻草,宋季文学不可避免地走向飘零与衰敝。

The period of Baoqing （under the reign of Emperor Lizong） saw the Jianghu Poem Case, which resulted from the authoritarian prime ministers of the Southern Song Dynasty. They aimed to restrain the discussion and handling upon the state affairs of the middle and lower-ranking officials. The Jianghu Poem Case truly destroyed the intellectuals＇ courage to participate in politics. Consequently, the itinerant poets of the late Song Dynasty lost their political enthusiasm and independent personality possessed by their predecessor, headed by Liu Guo and Jiang Kui. Most of them took the attitudes of ＂free of politics＂ or ＂going with the stream＂ towards the reality. Although the itinerant poets used to be the most active and creative literary power in the late Song Dynasty, they are destined to wane under this unfavorable circumstance, the Jianghu Poem Case being the last straw and, inevitably, witnessed the literature decline.