4Collard HR,Saint R,Matthay MA,Prevention of VentilatorAs、Sociated Pneumonia:An Evidence-Based Systematic Review[J].American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine,2006,138:494-506.
3Bauer T T, Ferrer R, Angrill J, et al. Ventilator-associated pneumonia: incidence, risk factor and microbiology[J]. Sem in Respir Infect,2002,15(4):272-279.
4Cook D. Ventilator-associated pneumonia:Perspectives on the burdcn of illness [J]. Intensivc Care Med, 2002, 26 (suppl 1) : 31-37.
5D'Amico R, Pifferi S, I.eonetti C, et al. Effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in critically ill adult patients:systematic re view of randomised controlled trials[J]. BMJ, 1998,316(4): 1275 - 1285.
6Heyland D K, Drover J W, Dhaliwal R, et al. Optimizing the benefits and minimizing the risks of enteral nutrition in the critically ilh role of small bowel feeding[J]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr, 2002,26(Suppl 1 ) : 51 - 55.
7Stoller J K, Orens D K, Fatica C. et al. Weekly versus daily changes of iwline suction catheters:impact on rates of ventila tor-associated pneumonia and associated costs [J]. Respir Care,2003,48(5) :494 - 499.
8Gruson D, Hilbert G,Vargas F, et al. Rotation and restricted use of antibiotics in a medical intensive care unit[J]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2000,162(3) : 837 - 843.
9A. Torres M.D.,N. Fábregas M.D.,Y. Arce M.D.,M. A. López-Boado. Histopathology of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and its clinical implications[J] 1999,Infection(1):71～76
10R. Speich,M. Hauser,T. Hess,J. Wüst,E. Grebski,F. H. Kayser,E. W. Russi. Low specificity of the bacterial index for the diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia by bronchoalveolar lavage[J] 1998,European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases(2):78～84
