1,2-二氯乙烷中毒性脑病脑水肿类型的实验研究

Experimental study on types of brain edema induced by 1,2dichloroethane

目的为研究１，２二氯乙烷中毒性脑病的脑水肿的类型。方法以１，２二氯乙烷为毒物，浓度为６００～８８０００ｍｇ／ｍ３，用动式吸入法对ＳＤ大鼠和ＮＩＨ小鼠染毒研制动物模型；后用１０００ｍｇ／ｍ３浓度，每天１０ｈ，连续染毒三天，复制ＳＤ大鼠中毒模型，以病理学的光镜和电镜检查为指标，研究其脑水肿类型。结果ＳＤ大鼠用９００ｍｇ／ｍ３浓度，每天染毒１０ｈ，连续５ｄ；或１０００ｍｇ／ｍ３，每天１０ｈ，连续３ｄ或１８００ｍｇ／ｍ３，每天染毒１０ｈ，连续２天都可复制出中毒性脑病动物模型，但模型的成功率约为６０％；ＮＩＨ小鼠１０００ｍｇ／ｍ３，每天１０ｈ，连续３ｄ，模型的成功率仅为２０％。中枢神经系统的病变为水肿、出血和坏死，但水肿最明显。在脑水肿中，神经纤维病变较早出现，且较严重，神经元也有一定改变，但远不如神经纤维明显。结论中毒性脑水肿的类型以血管源性为先，混合性为主。

Objective To study the types of brain edema induced by 1,2dichloroethane(DCE). Methods An inhalation experiment with DCE at 60088 000 mg/m3 was conducted to build up an animal intoxication model. In another experiment, SD rats were exposed to DCE via inhalation at 1 000 mg/m3, 10 hours per day for 3 days to study the types of brain edema which were classified by the pathological changes with both light and electronic microscopies. Results The intoxication models could be formed (60%) in rats under those conditions: 900 mg/m3, 10 hours per day for 5 days; 1 000 mg/m3, 10 hours per day for 3 days; or 1 800 mg/m3, 10 hours per day for 2 days. The similar result (20%) could be seen in NIH mice at 1 000 mg/m3, 10 hours per day for 3 days. CNS pathological changes included edema, hemorrhage and necrosis, among them, edema was the most obvious change. In the brain edema models, the occurence of nervous fibrosis seemed to be earlier and more serious, with certain but lighter changes in neurons. Conclusion The types of DCE intoxicated brain edema were first shown as vasogenic and then expressed mainly as mixed brain edema.