石油化工企业常见毒物对作业女工生殖结局影响的调查

The influence on the reproductive outcomes of female workers exposed to acrylonitrile,\= dimethylformamide, butadiene, mixed benzene and gasoline

目的探讨石油化工企业常见毒物中丙烯腈、二甲基甲酰胺、丁二烯、苯、甲苯、二甲苯及汽油对女工生殖结局的影响。方法对接触丙烯腈女工３９１名、接触二甲基甲酰胺及丁二烯女工４７名、接触混苯３６４名、接触汽油２４９名进行生殖危害流行病学调查。结果接触丙烯腈女工妊娠恶阻、早产、新生儿出生缺陷、死胎死产率的发生率明显高于对照组，并有统计学意义；接触二甲基甲酰胺及丁二烯女工妊娠恶阻、自然流产、早产发生率高于对照组，有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）；接触混苯女工妊娠恶阻、贫血、自然流产发生率高于对照组，且有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）；长期接触汽油女工先兆流产、自然流产的发生率明显高于对照组，并有统计学意义。结论丙烯腈、二甲基甲酰胺、丁二烯、混苯和汽油对作业女工生殖机能有危害。

Objective To study the influence on the reproductive outcomes of acrylonitrile, dimethylformamide, butadiene, mixed benzene and gasoline of female workers working in petrochemical plants. Methods Female workers including acrylonitrile exposure 391, dimethylformamide and butadiene exposure 47, mixed benzenes exposure 364, gasoline exposure 249 were under epidemiological studies focusing on reproductive outcomes. ZResults Prevalence rates of pernicious vomiting premature birth, birth defects and stillbirth, in acrylonitrile exposers were obviously higher than those in controls, with statistical significance. The prevalence rates of pernicious vomiting, spontaneous abortion, premature birth in dimethylformamide and butadiene exposers were obviously higher than those in controls, with statistical significance (P<0.05). The prevalence rates of pernicious vomiting, anemia, spontaneous abortion in mixed benzenes exposers were obviously higher than those in controls, with statistical significance (P<0.05). The prevalence rates of indicative abortion and spontaneous abortion in gasoline exposers were obviously higher than those in controls, with statistical significance. Conclusion Acrylonitrile, dimethylformamide butadiene, mixed benzenes and gasoline appeared to be hazardous on the reproductive function in exposed women.