论我国刑事赔偿义务机关之改革

On Reforming the Organizations for Criminal Compensatory Obligations in China

国家赔偿责任性质的"自己责任说"更能反映国家赔偿责任的本质属性,对解决国家赔偿,尤其是刑事赔偿问题具有"代位责任说"无法比拟的优越性。根据我国现行立法,刑事赔偿义务机关即实施侵权行为的机关,侵权机关一旦支付赔偿费用,通常就必须承担经济上的不利后果以及社会的负面评价,因而实践中导致受害人获得国家赔偿困难重重。根据我国的具体国情,由司法行政机关作为赔偿义务机关较为合理。

The installation mode of the organizations for criminal compensatory obligations directly reflects the cognition of the char- acter of national compensatory. According to the present law, the organizations for criminal compensatory obligations are the infring- ing organizations. As the infringing organizations usually have to shoulder economic responsibility and bear negative evaluations after shouldering the responsibilities, they will try their best to deny compensation obligations, which means that the victims can hardly obtain compensations. With reference to other countries and areas, we propose that the organizations for criminal compensatory obli- gations be reformed and the judicial administration organization take the responsibility.