天津市郊区不同土地利用类型土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯含量的调查

Investigation of Phthalic Acid Esters in Soils of Different Land Use Types in Suburbs of Tianjin

目的探讨天津市表层土壤邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）的含量和污染特征。方法2009年11月采集天津市5个郊区84个表层土壤样品，采用气相色谱－质谱法（GC—MS）分析邻苯二甲酸二甲酯（DMP）、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP）、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）、邻苯二甲酸苄基丁基酯（BBP）、邻苯二甲酸二（2－乙基己基）酯（DEHP）和邻苯二甲酸二辛基酯（DOP）的含量。结果6种PAEs在所有土壤样品中全部检出；其合计含量在50．39～1657．46μg／kg之间；DEHP含量最高，DMP和DEP相对较低；大田和撂荒地6种PAEs合计含量较高，果园较低；与美国土壤PAEs化合物控制标准相比，DMP、DEP和DBP分别超标28．57％，2．38％和33．33％。结论本次调查的天津市郊区不同土地利用类型土壤中不同程度地检出6种PAEs，且含量变异较大。

Objective To determine the levels of six phthalic acid esters （PAEs） in topsoil in Tianjin, and study the pollution characteristics. Methods Eighty-four samples were collected in November, 2009. GC-MS was applied for analyzing six phthalic acid esters （DMP, DEP, DBP, BBP, DEHP and DOP）. Results All of the six PAEs were detected in every sample. The concentrations of EPAEs was 50.39-1 657.46 μg/kg. The concentration of DEHP was the highest, DMP and DEP were lower. The pollution of farmland and wasteland was more serious, as for the orchard it was slight. Compared with the American standard （soil allowable concentration of PAE compounds in U. S. A.）, the rates of exceeding limit of DMP, DEP and DBP were 28.57%, 2.38% and 33.33% respectively. Conclusion The six phthalic acid esters were detected in topsoil of different land use types in the suburbs of Tianiin and the concentration varied greatly.