艰难的博弈:美国、中国与朝鲜战争的结束

A Stiff Gaming:The United States,China and the End of the Korean War

艾森豪威尔当选美国总统后,急于结束朝鲜战争,为此目的而计划采取军事上的硬手段,发动强大的地面进攻,甚至企图诉诸核武器扩大战争的范围。与此形成鲜明对照的是,中国政府一直致力于打破停战谈判的僵局,早在斯大林去世前就在调整谈判政策,从而在推动战争结束的过程中发挥了决定性的作用。在此期间,华盛顿决策层一直考虑使用何种军事手段结束战争,最终明确制定了以核攻击为核心的政策。但无论何时,中国政府都不惧怕任何核威胁。通过与美国方面进行艰难的博弈,中国政府最终推动战争的结束,从而使朝鲜半岛恢复了和平。

After Dwight David Eisenhower was elected as the US President,he was anxious to terminate the Korean War.For that purpose,he was ready to take hard military action to start a formidable ground attack,and even trying to resort to nuclear weapon to expand the scope of the Korean War.In contrast to this,the Chinese Government had been working very hard to break the deadlock for armistice negotiations and had been modifying the negotiation policy earlier before Stalin died so as to play a decisive role in the course of promoting the end of the Korean War.In the meanwhile,American decision-makers had been considering to make use of what kind of military means to terminate the war.At last,they clearly made the policy centering on nuclear attack.However,the Chinese Government was not afraid of any nuclear threat at anytime and finally promoted the end of the Korean War through doing a stiff game with the American side,thus making the Korean peninsula to return to peace.