2004—2008年辽东湾水质污染特征分析

Pollution Characteristics Analysis of Water Quality in Liaodong Bay from 2004 to 2008

根据2004—2008年5年对辽东湾各海域的监测数据,阐述了该海域水体营养盐和重金属的空间、季节分布特征规律,并对辽东湾海域的综合水质现状,海域营养结构及营养水平进行了评价.结果表明:基于Ⅰ类海水标准,辽东湾的主要污染指标为无机氮(DIN),局部海域出现活性磷酸盐(DIP)、铜、铅超标现象.营养盐和重金属的空间分布趋势均为北部海域污染最重,东部海域污染最轻,污染主要集中在锦州、盘锦、营口海域,且这3个海域处于富营养化状态,随时可诱发赤潮.营养盐质量浓度的季节变化趋势为平水期>丰水期>枯水期.

Based on monitoring data in the Liaodong Bay area from 2004 to 2008,the spatial and seasonal distributions of nutrient salts and heavy metals in the water were analyzed. The comprehensive water quality,nutrient structure and concentrations in the Liaodong Bay area were also evaluated. The results showed that the main pollution indicator in Liaodong Bay was inorganic nitrogen,while the concentration of phosphate （PO4-P）,Cu and Pb exceeded the standards for Type Ⅰ seas in some areas. The spatial distribution of nutrient salts and heavy metals decreased from the northern to eastern areas. The most contaminated areas were the areas of Jinzhou, Panjin and Yingkou,respectively. All of these three areas exhibited severe concentration levels of nutrient salts,which might induce the occurrence of red tide. The seasonal distribution of nutrient salts decreased as follows： normal period,flood period and dry period.