古代典籍与仁人志士救荒思想研究述评

Research on Relief Thoughts of Ancient Records and People with Lofty Ideals

古代仁人志士的著述中蕴含着丰富的救荒思想,《礼记》、《管子》、《救荒活民书》、《荒政辑要》、《康济录》等著述以及朱熹、王安石、林希元、包世臣、林则徐、左宗棠、陈炽、经元善及沈葆桢的著书中均蕴含着丰富的救荒思想,其均在当时荒政实践的基础上,对当时的荒政制度进行总结,在此基础上发展和完善其救荒思想。总之,中国救荒思想起源于"天人合一""、天人感应"的思想,根源于儒释道及仁政思想,救荒思想的根本是民本思想。

There were rich famine-relief thoughts in the works of ancient people,such as Li Ji,Guang Zi,Jiu Huang Huo Min Shu（The Book on Relieving People from Disaster）,Huang Zheng Ji Yao（Series to Disaster Relief Policies）,Kang Ji Lu etc.And the thoughts were also contained in the works of Zhu Xi,Wang An-shi,Lin Xi-yuan,Bao Shi-chen,Lin Ze-xu,Zuo Zong-tang,Chen Chi,Jing Yuan-shan and Shen Bao-zhen.On the basis of the practice of disaster relief policies at that time,their works summarized the relief systems,developed and improved the relief thoughts.In general,the faminerelief thoughts derived from the theory that ＂man is an integral part of nature＂and ＂nature responses to man’s activities＂,and was rooted in the thoughts of benevolent governance,its fundamental was people-centered thought.