大豆7S球蛋白α-亚基缺失型种质创新

Development of Soybean Germplasm Lacking of 7S Globulin α-Subunit

采用常规杂交育种方法,人工去雄、授粉,以10份综合农艺性状优良的黑龙江省主栽品种(或优良品系)为母本、亚基组成为(α'+α+11S酸性亚基)-缺失型育种材料日B为父本进行有性杂交。将F1杂交种南繁,单粒点播、单株收获得到F2代分离群体。聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)法分析表明,F1代杂交种子7S球蛋白α'-与α-亚基的表现型全部为正常型。在杂交F2代种子中获得了具有中国大豆遗传背景的α-缺失、(α+A1aA1bA2)-缺失、A3-缺失、(α'+A4)-缺失和(α'+α)-缺失的贮藏蛋白亚基组成新类型种质,为我国大豆蛋白组分育种选择提供了重要的中间材料。

α-subunit of soybean β-conglycinin is one of the major allergens in soybean products.It is possible to reduce or remove the allergens from soybean by development of mutant lines.In this study,a cross was made between 10 major varieties in Heilongjiang province of China and ＂riB＂ lacking α＇-,α-,and 11S acidic subunits in order to breed soybean variety characterized by α-subunit null.F1 seeds were sown individually and individual plants were harvested to obtain F2-progeny seeds.Subunit compositions of seeds in F1 and F2 were examined for storage protein by SDS-PAGE.The results showed that all the F1 seeds obtained from crosses contained α＇-and α-subunits.Five band types of 7S globulin in the F2-progeny were observed including α-null,（α＋A1aA1bA2）-null,A3-null,（α＇＋A4）-null,and（α＇＋α）-null types.