美花红千层花器官分化与花发育进程研究

Study on Process of Flower Growth and Organic Differentiation of Callistemon Citrinus

通过物候观察与显微切片相结合的方法，对美花红千层花芽分化与花发育进程进行了深入的观察分析。试验结果表明：美花红千层每经过2～3个月营养生长期即有一次花期。花器官分化包含3个阶段，并与宏观形态有一定对应关系。自花芽开始萌动起至雄蕊、雌蕊抽出，花朵开放需要15～20d，花朵开放持续7～10d后，雄蕊、雌蕊依次枯萎，10d后全落并结果。单个花序自萌芽至结果时间在30d左右，单株花期在40～50d，群落花期为70d左右。

Based on phenology observation and microtomy, The process of flower growth and organic differentiation of Callistemon citrinus were logged and analysed. The results showed that, Callistemon citrinus has a florescence after every 2--3 months nutrition growth. Three stages composed the organic differentiation process, and microcosmic differentiation was interrelated with macroscopical growth. Torus and perianth appeared when buds of inflorescence were 0.5cm; stamen and pistil were observed when buds of inflorescence were 1.0cm; ovary appeared and began to develop when buds of inflorescence were 1.5cm; when the buds grew to 2. 0cm and after, organic differentiation had finished, continued by elongation growth. The flowers had come into bloom when buds of inflorescence were 6.0cm or longer. The period from sprout to bloom of a single flower was 15--20d; about a week later, the stamen and pistil withered away. The inflorescence growth period was about 30d; the florescence of a single plant was 40--50d; and the florescence of coenosium was 70d around.