民族自治地方变通立法及其与适用

Flexible Legislation and Application of Law in China's National Autonomous Areas

立法法颁布实施后,变通立法的主体统一为自治区、自治州和自治县的人民代表大会,人大常委会不再享有自治立法权。变通立法具有一定的限制,变通对象为不适应民族自治地方的法律、行政法规及地方性法规。变通立法一般适用于自治地方的少数民族,但在一些特殊情况下却难以保障和平衡各民族的具体权利。变通立法应全面考虑当地政治、经济和文化的具体特点,在变通立法中明确规定适用对象和范围、适用的条件,以切实保障和实现各民族的合法权利。

Since the implement of Legislation Law,the main part of flexible legislation is the People＇s Congress of municipalities,autonomous prefectures,and autonomous counties,while the standing committees will no longer enjoy autonomous legislative authority.However,flexible legislation has some limitation that it is only for the law,administrative and local laws and regulations which do not apply to national autonomous regions.Usually flexible legislation adapts to minorities in autonomous areas,but in some particular situations it cannot ensure or balance specific rights of each nationality.Flexible legislation should fully consider local characteristics of politics,economy and culture and explicitly stipulate applied object,scope and condition to effectively protect and realize legal rights of the ethnic minorities.