摘要
放射性同位素电池是20世纪60年代发展起来的一种新型电源。由于它具有寿命长、工作可靠、对环境适应性强、不需经常维护、结构紧凑、比容量高等优点,因而在空间、陆地海上、海底以及医学领域都有独特的用途。本文分析了热电型放射性同位素电池的特点、基本原理、主要构成,介绍了热电型放射性同位素电池在空间地球卫星、月面试验站、外层星际探测以及在地面、海下、医学等方面的广泛应用,并展望了放射性同位素电池在21世纪的发展应用前景。
Radioisotope battery, as a new type of power source, was developed in 1960s. It is advantageous in terms of long working life, high reliability, flexibility to rugged environment, maintenance free, and high capacity rate, hence its unique applications in space, isolated terrestrial or ocean spots, deep waters, and medicine. In this paper, we analysz the primary performances and classification of radioisotope thermoelectric generator, as well as characteristic, basic principle, and structure of radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG), which is the most popular in application of radioisotope battery in space, undersea, terrestrial and medicine. A prospect for development and application of radioisotope battery in the 21st century is given, too.
出处
《核技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第8期625-630,共6页
Nuclear Techniques
关键词
放射性同位素电池
热电转换
热源
辐射损伤
Radioisotope battery, Thermoelectric generator, Thermo source, Radiation damage