海上风力机的数值模拟

The numerical simulation of offshore wind turbine

针对海上风力机运行的特点,根据NRELS809翼型数据,建立了水平轴风力机的整体模型。采用空气和水的两相流模型模拟海上工况,对模型进行数值计算,得到叶片绕流的速度分布和压力分布,并对两相流和单相流的变化情况进行了对比,最后对塔架的压力分布进行计算说明。研究结果表明:在两相流工况下,风轮叶片具有较高的功率系数,但该工况对叶片的强度、材料要求较高;气流流过叶片后均存在速度亏损,并在1倍风轮半径处趋于稳定;风轮对塔架的压力分布产生一定影响。

Based on the data of the NRELS809 series aerofoil,the integral model of horizontal wind turbine was employed to research and simulate its operations in the offshore environment.The two phases model composed with air and water is applied to simulate the practical condition.From the numerical calculations,the profile of velocity and pressure is presented.The comparison between the two phases condition and single air phase condition is conducted.The conclusions indicate that it can obtain the high power coefficient for the aerofoil in the conditions of two phases,and well mechanical properties for the materials are required.The distribution of mean velocity behind the aerofoil presents the expansion and the delay of wake.The simulation shows the aerofoil also has influence on the distribution of pressure on the tower.