甜高粱的适生区及能源资源潜力研究

The suitable land for sweet sorghum and its potential for ethanol production in China

运用中国资源环境数据库中的1km DEM数据、1:100万中国土地利用数据、省区面元数据和中国自然地图数据库中的年降水量、活动积温和土壤pH值数据,在研究现有甜高粱生长的限制性环境因子的基础上,确定了甜高粱生长发育的环境因子及其阈限值,形成了年降水量≥400mm、活动积温2500～4500℃、土壤pH值6.0～8.5、坡度≤15°甜高粱在某地区能够生长发育的4个阈限指标;假定甜高粱种植不占用耕地、林地和草地,不占用沼泽地等生态用地,基于GIS空间分析功能,计算出甜高粱适宜种植的边际性土地资源的空间分布、类型及面积。研究认为,中国适宜于甜高粱种植的边际性土地资源有440.7万hm^2,单位面积甜高粱乙醇产量按3.9t/hm^2计算,在适宜区种植甜高粱可提炼出1718.7万t燃料乙醇,相当于2006年全国汽油消费量的32.8%。

Based on the spatial analysis in GIS（geographic information system）,the suitable land of sweet sorghum including the distribution,shape and area is identified.The data includes 1 kilometer DEM（Digital Elevation Mode）,1：1000000 land use,and provinces boundary from the resources environment database of China.The other data includes precipitation,active accumulated temperature（more than 10℃）,and soil pH value from natural atlas database of China.Based on the existing results about the restriction factors of sweet sorghum,the four criterions for determining whether a specific parcel can plant sweet sorghum are formulated.For example,the annual precipitation should be more than 400 mm,the active accumulated temperature should be within the range of 2 500℃-4 500 ℃,soil PH should be at 6.0～8.5,and the slope should be less than 15°.Besides,the arable land,the forestland,the grassland and the marsh should not be used for planting sweet sorghum.The conclusion is：there is 4.4 million hectares of land suitable for sweet sorghum in China,the ethanol production from the sweet sorghum planting in the suitable lands can reach 17.2 million tonnes,which accounts for 32.7% of gasoline consumption in 2006 in China.