海明威自然观的双重性及其悖论——生态批评视域中的《老人与海》

Duality and Paradox of Hemingway's Outlook on Nature——Ecocriticism Perspectives on The Old Man and the Sea

《老人与海》中,作为"硬汉"的人类征服大自然的结果却是悲剧性甚至是毁灭性的。从生态批评视角看,这一作品体现了作家对传统人类中心主义的反思,对大自然的敬畏以及对人与自然和谐相处的期许;其中的悖论也体现了作家自然观的双重性。

Traditionally,The Old Man and the Sea,which won the Nobel Prize in Literature for Hemingway,has been regarded as a masterpiece which reflects anthropocentrism and individual self-worth by stressing the ways of human beings conquering the wild nature. But the most thought-provoking point in the works tends to be ignored - human beings as tough-guy image conquer the nature,the result of which is tragic and even destructive. Today, when reading this novel from the perspectives of ecocriticism, we can find out that Hemingway has a deep reflection on anthropocentrism,to which he holds all the time,an awe of nature and an expectation on harmony between man and nature.