花生春秋播主要性状的遗传变异

Preliminary study on the genetic variations of the main charactersof peanut sowed in spring and autumn

以珍珠豆型花生为材料，研究春秋播条件下主要性状的遗传变异。结果表明，秋播条件下单株果数、果重，开花至成熟日数变异率较小，遗传变异系数高于春播，遗传力高于或与春播相近，遗传进度也高于春播，与春播单株果重呈正相关或显著正相关。秋播花生的百果重、百仁重、出仁率变异率小；百果重、百仁重与春播单株果重呈显著正相关；出仁率春秋播的遗传参数相近。在秋播条件下，可对上述这些性状进行严格选择。

Nine peanut varieties were used to study the effect of autumn sowing on the peanut characters, the coefficience of genetic variation, heritability, genetic advance sowed in autumn and spring, and the coefficience of correlation between the main characters of the varieties sowed in autumn and single plant productivity in spring sowing were measured, the results indicated that the selection on the characters i.e. total pods/plant, pod yield/plant, days from flowering to maturing, 100pod weight, 100kernel weight and shelling percentage in autumn sowing might be highly effective to improvement of peanut yield in spring sowing, and might be helpful to speed up the peanut breeding advance.