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新型分子靶向药物联合放疗在肺癌中的应用 被引量:6

New Molecular Targeted Therapies Integrated With Radiation Therapy in Lung Cancer
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摘要 非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)约占肺癌总病例数的80%-85%,对于Ⅲ期患者来说,NSCLC约占肺癌总病例数的40%。不可切除Ⅲ期NSCLC的治疗为以铂类为基础的化疗联合胸部放疗。本文将综述正在研发中且有可能用于联合治疗的新型靶向制剂。其中最具前景的策略之一为表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)通路的抑制。放疗可激活EGFR信号,通过诱导细胞增殖并增强DNA修复而导致放疗抵抗。几项临床前模型研究表明西妥昔单抗与放疗联合具有协同效应。几项Ⅱ期试验评估了西妥昔单抗与放疗同步使用的安全性与疗效,结果喜人。吉非替尼对多种细胞系具有放疗增敏作用,其与放疗的联合已被试验用于不可切除Ⅲ期NSCLC的治疗。然而,放化疗后使用吉非替尼作为维持治疗的结果不容乐观。一项Ⅰ期试验评估了厄洛替尼与放化疗联合的疗效。放疗可通过损伤细胞膜、DNA以及微血管内皮细胞而诱导肿瘤死亡,而这反过来可增加促血管生成生长因子的产生。抗血管生长制剂可降低血管密度,但可改善肿瘤的含氧量。应用血管内皮生长因子受体(vascular endothelial growth factor receptor,VEGFR)抑制剂可通过阻断亚致死量辐射损伤的修复而增强放疗对人NSCLC的疗效。厄洛替尼、贝伐珠单抗与胸部放疗联合试验正在进行中。该三种药物联合治疗的新策略尚需制订。由于放疗可增强HSP90分子伴侣的功能从而引起肺癌细胞的放疗抵抗,此通路的阻断剂可通过抑制HIF-1a和VEGF的表达进而抑制肺癌细胞的生存和血管生成,因而可能用于减少放疗抵抗。在NSCLC和间皮瘤的临床前模型中,Aurora激酶抑制剂似乎对放疗具有增效作用。
出处 《中国肺癌杂志》 CAS 2010年第8期841-849,共9页 Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer
基金 山东省自然科学基金项目(Y2008C92)资助
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