壳聚糖纺丝原液性能及其湿法纺丝工艺

Properties of chitosan spinning dope and its wet-spinning process

壳聚糖由于其优异的生物性能备受人们关注,但目前壳聚糖纤维的强度低,严重制约了其应用的领域。研究了乙酸的体积分数、温度以及壳聚糖的质量分数对壳聚糖纺丝原液稳定性的影响,并进行湿法纺丝工艺制备纯壳聚糖纤维。研究表明:纺丝原液壳聚糖的质量分数为3%～4%,乙酸的体积分数为2%,纺丝温度为30～50℃时,可得到力学性能良好的初生纤维;以5%NaOH加入适量乙醇和Na2SO4作凝固浴较好;适当增大凝固时间,提高卷绕速度,可得到高取向、高强度的壳聚糖初生纤维。

Chitosan has attracted great attention due to its unique biological properties,but its lower tenacity greatly hinders its application area.Experiments were carried out to study the impact of the volume fraction of acetic acid,temperature and mass fraction of chitosan on the stability of chitosan spinning dope,and prepare high-strength chitosan nascent fibers by wet-spinning process.The results showed that the obtained nascent fibers exhibited good mechanical properties when mass fraction of chitosan and volume fraction of acetic acid were respectively 3%～4% and 2%,with temperature ranging from 30 ℃ to 50℃.In the process of spinning,the coagulation bath is of 5% NaOH aqueous solution,and the efficiency of fiber formation and uniformity were improved by adding ethanol and Na2SO4 into the bath.By prolonging the coagulation time and increasing wind-up speed,highly oriented and high-strength chitosan nascent fibers are obtained.