双胚苗水稻种子的扫描电镜观察

SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE OBSERVATION OF TWIN-EMBRYO SEEDLING RICE SEED

以同源四倍体双胚苗水稻品系(D07-04-01)及其衍生后代(01-04-01,D07-02-01,DP07-04-01)为研究材料,利用扫描电镜技术和X射线衍射技术对稻米的垩白性状、淀粉粒的形态特征和淀粉的晶体特性进行了初步研究。研究结果表明,与其他材料相比,双胚苗二倍体品系D07-02-01的垩白粒率、垩白度和垩白大小均最小,稻米的自然横断面中部无明显辐射状,裂痕少且浅,"粗短形"的不规则多边形胚乳细胞与淀粉粒分布均匀,多面体状淀粉粒呈现典型的晶体结构,数目多且排列致密,球形单粒淀粉粒和块状不规则的复粒淀粉体数目比较少,相对结晶度高,直链淀粉含量低,即外观品质和食味品质均比其他四倍体品系好。

A preliminary research on the chalky traits,morphological characteristics of starch grains and crystal linity of starch had been conducted on the two-embryo mutant auto-tetraploid rice strain（D07-04-01） and its derivative progenies（01-04-01,D07-02-01,DP07-04-01） using scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffractometer.The results showed that comparison with other materials,there was least number of chalky grain,degree of chalkiness and chalkiness size in D07-02-01（the twin-seedlings diploid strain）,and there was no significant radial in the middle of cross-section area.Furthermore,cracks were small and shallow,the distribution of the＂stumpy form＂irregular polygonal endosperm cells and starch grain was uniform.A large number of polyhedral-shaped starch grains with typical crystal line structure arranged compactly.There endosperm also had the characteristic of rare spherical single starch grains and lumpy irregular complex amylo plast relative high crystallinity,meanwhile,low amyloe content.Thus,D07-02-01 had better appearance and eating quality than other tetraploid rice.