村落:民间社会的文化等级——以甘肃洮岷地区青苗会权利类型为例

Village:the Cultural Hierarchy of Folk Society——Based on the Types of Rights of Qingmiao Group in Tao and Min Area,Gansu Province

甘肃洮岷地区青苗会产生于清代初期,是负责洮岷地区湫神①祭祀活动的民间组织。根据会首参选条件的不同,洮岷地区青苗会内部的权利类型可以分为家族共治型、老人治理型、个人能力与经济主导型三种。在洮岷地区的青苗会组织中,神圣与世俗、精英与民间权力并存,权力类型较为多元,民间社会的文化等级性鲜明。

Originated from early late Qing dynasty,Qingmiao group is a folk organization in charge of the activities of water worship.According to the different criteria for choosing chairperson,there are three types of rights within that group such as the checks and balance between family consciousness and alternate control of various families,the ruling of old person and the orientation of individual capability and economic strength.The combination of secular and sacred,elite and folk rights in Qingmiao group shows the diversity of rights distribution in local culture.