水稻主要抗瘟基因对我国菌株的抗性分析和利用评价

ANALYSIS AND UTILIZATION OF MAJOR GENE RESISTANCE TO BLAST IN CHINA

为了明确主要抗瘟基因的抗性现状和利用价值,1995～1996年采用来自浙江、四川、湖北、广东等7个省(市)的155个稻瘟病菌菌株,测定了日本13个已知基因粳稻品种的抗性表现。结果表明,13个抗瘟基因对我国菌株的抗性均不强,菌株毒力频率均在20％以上。但对我国各稻区的菌株而言,多数稻区仍有1～3个基因的抗性保持较高的水平,浙江稻区Pi-z^t基因仍有很好的抗性,能抗95.7％的浙江菌株,四川稻区Pi-k^h、Pi-z、Pi-k等3个基因仍具有较好的抗性,云南稻区Pi-z^t、Pi-ta^2基因具有较强的抗性,因此各地仍可因地制宜地加以利用。

155 isolated of rice blast fungus, Pyricularia grisea, were collected from seven provinces or cities in China for evaluating the resistance of 13v Japonica varieties with known genes during 1995 - 1996. Results showed that the virulent frequency (VF) of 155 isolated to 13 varieties were 20. 8% - 99. 3%. There were 1 - 3 genes that was resistant to most isolates at different rice areas. VF of gene Pi-z', carried by c. v. Toride No. 1, was only 4. 3% in Zhejiang Province. VF of K3(Pk-kh), Fukunishiki (Pi-z), and Kusabue (Pi-k) were below 10% in Sichuan Province and so were those of Toride No. 1 (Pi-z') and Pi-4 (Pi-ta2) in Yunnan Province. The prospects of applying major gene resistance in China were discussed.