石斛兰营养特性及施肥技术初探

Study on the Nutrition Properties of Dendrobium and the Fertilization Technique

设置６个不同营养液配方研究了石斛兰营养生长和开花情况。结果表明：石斛兰在５～８月为旺长期，需养分为每周每株Ｎ１．７６ｍｇ、Ｐ０．４７ｍｇ、Ｋ２．１０ｍｇ、Ｃａ１．５４ｍｇ、Ｍｇ０．９５ｍｇ。正常生长植株茎叶养分含量为Ｎ１．１８％、Ｐ０．３１％、Ｋ１．６２％、Ｃａ１．２８％、Ｍｇ０．６８％。本试验的条件下，完全配方处理的植株生长发育和开花正常，最佳配方是Ｎ∶Ｐ∶Ｋ为１５∶３０∶１５的完全营养液并加腐殖酸。每周喷施（３％）１～２次为宜。

The vegetation growth and blooming of Dendrobium has been studied with six kinds of nutrient solution composition.The results indicated that the vigorous growth period of Dendrobium was from May to August. The nutrient requirement per plant in each week was N 1.76mg,P 0.47mg,K 2.10 mg,Ca 1.54mg and Mg 0.95mg,respectively.For normal bloom,the nutrient concentration in the shoot were N 1.18%,P 0.31%,K 1.62%,Ca 1.28% and Mg 0.68%,respectively.The optimum nutritive composition was the complete nutrient solution with N,P,K and humic acid(N∶P∶K=15∶30∶15).It was suitable to spray 0.3% fertilizer solution 1-2 times in each week.