金属冶炼行业职业病危害分析

Analysis of Occupational Hazards in Metal Smelting Industry

目的探讨金属冶炼行业职业病危害情况,提出针对性防护措施。方法进行现场职业卫生学调查、职业病危害因素检测,结合职业健康监护资料进行分析。结果金属冶炼生产线空气中粉尘、铅、锰、砷、镉、一氧化碳及噪声等不同程度超标,其中合格率最低的是铅烟(53.3%),其次是锰及其化合物(62.5%)和一氧化碳(64.3%)。三条生产线职工有尿镉、尿砷、尿锰超标现象(分别为5.6%、2.0%、0.7%)。结论金属冶炼行业职业病危害较严重,应加大执法监督力度,加强对职业病危害的认知和干预。

Objective To explore the occupational hazards situation on workers from metal smelting industry, draw up the further prevention measures. Methods The methods of field investigation of occupational hygiene , detection of occupational risk factors in air were applied, and the information of the occupational health on workers was collected for analysis. Results The results showed that the contents of dust , lead, manganese, arsenic, cadmium , carbon monoxide and noise in production lines exceeded the national occupational standards. Among the measured agents, the lower qualified rates were lead fume （53.3 % ） , manganese and inorganic compounds （62. 5 % ）, and carbon monoxide （64. 3 % ）. The contents of urinary cadmium, arsenic, manganese on workers could be discovered to exceed the national standards, the exceeding rates were 5.6% ,2.0% and 0. 7% ,respectively. Conclusion It is an important problem that the hazard of chemical hazardous agents for workers is more serious in the metal smelting industry. The law inspecting system must be emphasized continuously ; workers should be emphasized knowledge, attitudes and prevention from the hazard of occupational diseases.