昆明市新装修居室有害气体检测情况分析

Analysis of Harmful Gas Detection on Newly Decorated Residences in Kunming

目的掌握昆明市新装修住宅室内空气中甲醛和总挥发性有机物(TVOC)的污染状况及其影响因素,并提出改善新装修室内空气质量的建议。方法对2005-2007年昆明市区126家新装修住宅进行室内空气质量检测,居室甲醛和TVOC浓度检测结果根据装修完工后<3个月和>3个月开始居住进行比较分析。结果本次检测的126家新装修住宅有40家装修时间<3个月,86家>3个月,关闭门窗时前者的甲醛和TVOC合格率低于后者(P<0.05),打开门窗时两项指标合格率差异均无统计学意义;<3个月者的室温显著高于>3个月者。结论新装修住宅室内甲醛和TVOC污染较为严重,装修后时间长短、通风情况、温度可能是重要影响因素。建议严把装修材料的市场准入关,居民装修后要开窗通风,入住前需检测室内空气质量。

Objective To explore the air pollution status and the influential factors of formaldehyde and total volatile organic compounds （TVOC） in newly fitment residences of Kunming, to provide suggestions for improving indoor air quality of the newly decorated residences. Methods The quality of indoor air in 126 newly decorated residences of Kunming urban were detected from 2005 to 2007. The detection results were split to two groups according to whether the duration since the end day of decoration to the day of dwelling was enough to 3 months, then the data of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results There were 40 residences as the first group which was decorated for less than 3 months to start dwelling, and 86 for more than 3 months as the second group among 126 newly decorated residences in Kunming urban. The qualified rate of formaldehyde and TVOC in the first group was lower than the second one when the doors and windows were closed, and the results showed significant difference （P 〈 0. 05 ）. There was no statistical significant difference between two groups when the doors and windows were open. And the room - temperature in the first group was higher than that in the second group in statistics. Conclusion The indoor air was polluted seriously by formaldehyde and TVOC in newly fitment residences. The factors including the length of time after decoration, ventilation, and room - temperature may be the important influential ones. The governments should manage the quality of the fitment materials to access to markets. The residents should open the windows as much as possible to ventilate. The contents of harmful gas were expected to detect before living in.