白内障晶状体上皮细胞端粒酶与凋亡增龄性研究

Research on the relationship between the telomerase activity of lens epithelial cell and apoptosis with aging

目的 探讨白内障晶状体上皮细胞端粒酶活性的表达随着年龄的增长与凋亡的关系,及其在白内障发生发展中的作用机制.方法 选取行超声乳化白内障手术的患者91例91眼,取晶状体前囊膜.根据年龄分为三组,即Ⅰ组为≤30岁的患者11例,Ⅱ组为31-60岁的患者30例,Ⅲ组为≥61岁的患者50例.采用脱氧核苷酸末端转移酶缺口标记原位细胞检测法（the terminal deoxynueleotidyl transferass （TDT）-medinted dUTP nick-end lsbeling（TUNEL）检测三个不同年龄组白内障患者晶状体上皮细胞的凋亡细胞.采用TRAP-ELISA法检测三个不同年龄组白内障患者晶状体上皮细胞的端粒酶活性.结果 Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组白内障晶状体上皮细胞凋亡百分率分别0%、13%、23%.三组白内障晶状体上皮细胞中端粒酶活性随着年龄增高明显降低.各项指标经统计学分析具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 随着年龄的增长白内障晶状体上皮细胞端粒酶的活性逐渐降低,凋亡逐渐增强,端粒酶活性的降低促进了晶状体上皮的凋亡,是引起发生白内障的一个重要机制.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between expression of the telomerase activity and apoptosis in human lens epithelial cells of cataract with age increasing, and to investigate the role of telomerase activity in the occurrence and progression of human lens epithelial cells of cataract. Methods Anterior capsule of lens were collected from 91 patients （91 eyes） who underwent cataract phacoemulsification. The cataract patients were divided into three groups according to the age, group Ⅰ included 11 cases at 30 years old, group Ⅱ of 30 cases aged 31-60, group Ⅲ of 50 cases aged more than 61 years old. Terminal deoxyaucleotidyl transferass （TDT） medinted dUTP nick-end lsbeling （TUNEL） assays were used to obtain the expression of apoptotic cells in lens epithelial cells of three different age group cataract patients. The TRAP-ELISA method was used to examine the telomerase activity in lens epithelial cells of three different age group cataract patients. Results The TUNEL method revealed that the percent of apoptosis in the lens epithelial cell was 0, 13% and 23% in three different age groups cataract patient, respectively. The telomerase activity in lens epithelial cells of three different age group cataract patients reduced obviously. The difference had the remarkable statistical significance in 3 groups （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions The expression of the telomerase activity in human lens epithelial cells of cataract with increasing age is gradually decreasing and apoptosis is gradually increasing. Gradually decreased telomerase activity promoted apoptosis of lens epithelial cells is an important mechanism for occurrence of cataracts.