转型期杭州城市写字楼空间分布特征及其机制

The Saptial Pattern and Its Evolution Mechanism of Urban Office Buildings in the Transition Period

随着转型期城市现代服务业的兴起以及信息经济的发展壮大,写字楼经济逐渐成为城市经济发展和城市文明的象征,并对城市空间结构产生了重要影响。通过运用GIS空间密度分析、区位熵和空间自相关等技术方法,探讨了转型期杭州城市写字楼的空间分布特征及其演化机制,结果表明:写字楼空间容量密度分布呈由中心向外围梯度递减格局,并出现多中心融合集聚的形态;写字楼规模容量特征呈现显著的内外围差异性,内城开发密度大而强度小,外围开发强度大而密度小;而规模容量的等级结构不够合理,主要体现在第三级区块发展规模的滞后;写字楼内部企业类型中,基础性依赖行业在空间上的分布较为离散,而生产性服务业则趋于集簇式分布;写字楼内部企业存在较大的区位熵差异,即出现一定的地域专业化特征,同时,发展较为成熟的区块一般具有较高的综合服务能力,而处于发展中的区块则呈现出功能的单一性。总体上看,政治、经济和企业微观主体等各种要素,通过相互交织的综合作用机制,有效地推动了城市写字楼及其生产性服务业在空间上集聚与分散相结合的时空演化进程,其中显著表现在城市经济形态转型、城市郊区化、城市空间结构调整以及政策与政府行为等方面。

With the development of modern service industry and information economy in the transformation period,economy of producer service has gradually become one of the symbols of urban civilization and economic development. And it has exerted a significant impact on urban spatial structure. Making use of spatial density analysis,location entropy and spatial autocorrelation analysis,this paper analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of office buildings in Hangzhou and their revolution mechanism. The result shows that the spatial density of the office buildings gradually decreases from center to periphery,and it also presents a spatial pattern of multi-center clustering. The office space of the office buildings shows a significant difference between the inner district and the outer district. And the density of office buildings distribution is higher in the inner district than that in the outer district,but the construction intensity shows the opposite feature. The hierarchical structure of the capacity size is not reasonable,which is mainly reflected in the insufficient development scale of third-level districts; the dependence industries show more discrete,and the producer services shows more concentrated; the location entropy of internal corporations in the office buildings show a significant spatial difference,this means that the office buildings is characterized by regional specialization; the mature districts generally have high integrated service capacity,while the function pattern of developing districts show singleness. Overall,politics,economy and micro-enterprises and various elements,through the combined effect of cross-cutting mechanism,effectively promoted the spatial evolution process of office buildings and producer services in the city. And the main mechanism significantly is reflected in the transformation of urban economy,suburbanization,urban spatial restructuring,policy and government action.