人类主要组织相容抗原Ⅰ类分子在口腔白斑中表达的临床意义

The expression of human major histocompatibility complex-Ⅰ in oral leukoplakia

目的通过检测人类主要组织相容抗原Ⅰ类分子(MHC-Ⅰ)在伴有不同异常增生程度的口腔白斑中的表达,以探讨MHC-Ⅰ类抗原表达改变后其局部免疫状态的变化,以及与口腔白斑发生的关系。方法应用MHC-Ⅰ特异性单抗通过免疫组织化学方法从蛋白表达水平检测28例正常口腔黏膜、55例口腔白斑、31例口腔鳞癌内MHC-Ⅰ类抗原的表达。结果伴有重度异常增生的口腔白斑与口腔鳞癌内MHC-Ⅰ类抗原的表达显著低于正常口腔黏膜组(P<0.05)。不伴异常增生及伴有轻、中度异常增生的口腔白斑内MHC-Ⅰ类抗原的表达和正常黏膜未见统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论 MHC-Ⅰ在口腔白斑中存在有表达降低的现象,特别在伴有重度异常增生时,其降低与异常增生的程度有关,对判断口腔白斑的预后有一定价值。

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of human major histocompatibility complex-Ⅰ at different degrees of dysplasia leukoplakia,and to investigate local immune status and discuss their associations with oral leukoplakia.Methods The monoclonal antibody of MHC classⅠantigen was employed in this study.There were 55 oral leukoplakias,31 primary oral squamous cell carcinomas and 28 histologically normal oral epithelia were detected for the presence of the MHC class Ⅰ molecule by using immunohistochemistry method.Results The MHC class Ⅰ antigen expression of the severe dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma was significantly lower than that of the normal epithelia（P〈0.05）.But their expression did not show statistically difference between the normal epithelia and other groups of oral leukoplakia（P〉0.05）.Conclusion The expression levels of the MHC class Ⅰantigen is reduced in oral leukoplakia,particularly in severe dysplasia oral leukoplakia,it is relevant to the degree of dysplasia.