副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂对橡副珠蜡蚧的控制作用

Control effect of parasitic Metaphycus parasaissetiae on host Parasaissetia nigra.

在实验室条件下,研究了副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂对橡副珠蜡蚧的控制作用.结果表明:该蜂的寄生功能反应符合HollingⅡ型方程,但各温度间功能反应的参数存在差异,以瞬时攻击率/捕食处理时间(a/Th)为评价指标,在30℃捕食效能最强,a/Th为23.4211.副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂的寄生功能反应有较强的种内干扰作用,随着自身密度的增加,寄生数量逐渐减少,在温度21℃～33℃范围内,Hassell(1969)模型E=QP-m均能较好地反映副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂的寻找效应与其自身密度之间的关系;在21℃～27℃,随着温度的上升干扰作用增强,27℃时干扰系数最大(0.6626),温度上升至30℃、33℃时干扰作用略有下降,分别为0.6161、0.5916.副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂对产卵前期的橡副珠蜡蚧成虫控制效果好,寄生后能完全控制,有少量幼虫爬出的橡副珠蜡蚧被寄生后,控制效果下降至81.4%.

A laboratory test was conducted to study the control effect of parasitic Metaphycus parasaissetiae on its host Parasaissetia nigra.The functional reactions of the parasitism conformed to the Holling Type Ⅱ Equation,but the parameters of the functional reactions varied with temperature.Taking the ratio of instant attack rate to preying time（a/Th） as an evaluation index,the preying efficiency at 30 ℃ was the highest,with a/Th being 23.4211.There was a stronger interference effect in the functional reactions of the parasitism within M.parasaissetiae populations.With the increase of the population density,the amounts of parasitism decreased gradually.Hassell Equation（E=QP-m） could describe the relationships between the searching efficiency of M.parasaissetiae and its population density much precisely within the range of 21 ℃-33 ℃.The interference increased with temperature within the range of 21 ℃-27 ℃,and the interference coefficient reached the highest（0.6626） at 27 ℃.When the temperature was raised to 30 and 33 ℃,the interference coefficient decreased to 0.6161 and 0.5916,respectively.In the prophase of egg-laying,the parasitized P.nigra could be entirely controlled by M.parasaissetiae.However,when a few larvae were crawling out,the control effect was declined to 81.4%.