节能环保产业的外部性分析

Analysis of Externality in Energy-saving and Environmentally-friendly Industries

对节能环保产业的认识不足是当前制约该产业发展的重要理论障碍。实质上,节能环保产业是具有正外部性特征的产业,它从社会效用和生产收益等两方面对厂商之外的个体有正的影响。节能环保产业的私人边际收益小于社会边际收益,私人边际成本大于社会边际成本,因此,政府必须为节能环保产业的发展制定扶持政策。完善的制度设计加上充分的市场机制是节能环保产业健康发展的必要条件。

Insufficient understanding of energy-saving and environmentally-friendly industries is a key theoretical obstacle which constrains the development of tho.se industries. In facts energy-saving and environmentally-friendly industries have positive externality characteristics~ and they have positive effects on individuals except manufacturers in terms of social effectiveness and productive yields. Private margin profit from those industries is less than social margin profit while private margin cost is more than social margin cost. Therefore, the government should draw up some supportive policies for them. It is clear that perfect system design plus plenty market mechanism are essential conditions for the healthy development of energy-saving and environmentally-friendly industries.