日本民生科技发展战略和政策支持体系:经验与启示

Japan's Development Strategy and Policy Support System for People's Livelihood Science and Technology:Experiences and Enlightenments

民生科技是与民生利益直接相关的科学技术,发展民生科技已经日益成为世界各国科技发展战略的重点。近年来,日本把解决民生问题作为政府制定科技政策或设立科研项目的重要导向,以集中协调的科技管理体制为基础,明确的科技发展战略、发展规划和产业政策为引导,官产学合作为依托,政府科技经费和科技资源投入为支持,大力促进民生科技研发及成果转化,这对我国完善民生科技政策具有重要借鉴意义。

The people＇s livelihood science and technology is closely related with people＇s livelihood interests.Around the world,developing people＇s livelihood science and technology has been the latest trends of the development strategy for science and technology.In the past one and a half decades,solving people＇s livelihood issues has been the guide for Japanese government＇s decision of making science and technology policy and setting up scientific research projects.Based on the centralized coordination management system for science and technology,guided by the explicit development strategy,development planning and industry policies,relying on the Government-IndustryUniversity collaboration system,and supported by the government＇RD spending and RD resources,Japan has made great achievements in promoting RD and transformation of people＇s livelihood science and technology.China can benefit from Japan＇s experience in improving the policy support system of people＇s livelihood scientific and technology.