连云港市1992～1996年中小学生常见病监测分析

Surveillance of Commonly Encountered Diseases among Elementary and Secondary School Students in Lianyungang from 1992 to 1996

目的：为掌握连云港市中小学生常见病的发病情况及其变化趋势，并为制订学生常见病防治对策提供依据。方法：按卫生部《学校卫生监督监测技术规范》的要求，并采取质量控制进行。结果：学生常见病的总患病率呈明显下降趋势，其中以蛔虫症、沙眼等下降幅度较大（P＜0．01）；而视力低下的患病率则有所上升；营养不良、贫血等虽有所下降，但仍维持在较高水平；肝炎等传染病得到了有效控制。结论：今后学校卫生工作的重点，要采取切实有效措施，降低学生常见病的发病率，以保障中小学生的身体健康和生长发育。

objective: To understand prevalence of commonly encountered diseases among elementary and secondary school students in Lianyunang and offer scientific references for implementation of an effictive commonly encountered disease prevention and treatment program among elementary and secondary school students. Methods: according to technical specifications for supervision and surveillance of school health(ministry of health), an investigation on prevalence of commonly encountered diseases was conducted. Results: From 1992 to 1996, the prevalence rates of commonly encountered diseases decreased sienificantly (P <0. 05), especially ascariasis and tracoma(P < 0. 01), but the rate of ambiyopin increased. The prevalence rates of malnutrition and iron - deficiency anemia also decreased, but they still remained a higher level. Infectious diseases such as hepatitis were effectively controlled. Conclusions: increased emphasis should focus on developing and implementing effective methods to monitor prevalence of commonly encountered diseases in school health work for health, growth and development of elementary and secondary school students.