论政治运动对新中国政治发展的经验与教训

Impact of political movement on the political development of new China:experience and lessons

政治运动曾是当代中国政治运作的一种独特方式。分析六十多年来政治运动对中国政治发展的经验和教训,可以看出,政治运动具有"超强的社会推动能力",通过政治运动曾一度提升了国家生存的能力、公民的政治认同感、公民的政治行为能力,培养了政治积极分子,弥补了制度的过程化不足;但政治运动的频繁运作也阻碍了政治制度化的发展,导致政治民主水平下降、政治价值逐渐一元化、政治合法性下降,带来了意识形态教条化。

Political movement used to be a unique approach to political operation in modern China.By analyzing the impact of political movements on political development in China in the past 6 decades,it can be seen that political movement has the superpower of mobilizing society.Political movement promotes the ability of the nation to survive,the sense of identity of the citizens,the capability of the citizens to express their political wills,the qualities of political activists,and the executive ability of political system,yet frequent political movements have prevented the development of political institutionalization,resulting in the decline of political democratic level,the gradual unifying of political values,the decrease of political legitimacy,and the dogmatization in ideology.