铝佐剂对实验狂犬病疫苗的影响

Influence of aluminum adjuvant to experimental rabies vaccine

目的对狂犬病疫苗是否应该含有铝佐剂进行实验研究。方法通过检测疫苗抗体、效力（ＥＤ５０）及建立符合狂犬病现场实际的动物模型比较含铝佐剂和不含铝佐剂疫苗防治狂犬病的效果。结果免疫后第４天和第７天抗体滴度铝佐剂疫苗组明显低于不含铝佐剂疫苗组；在ＮＩＨ效力测定中，铝佐剂疫苗组的ＥＤ５０为９３１３２ｎｇ较疫苗组ＥＤ５０２２１ｎｇ少用抗原量一半左右，但该效力测定法不符合狂犬病现场实际；在符合现场实际的动物模型中，铝佐剂对狂犬病疫苗没有任何促进作用。结论在实验狂犬病中，铝佐剂不促进狂犬病疫苗防治狂犬病，而且有不利影响。

Objective To study whether the rabies vaccine for human use should contain aluminum adjuvant. Methods Testing vaccine antibodies and efficacy(ED50), comparing the effect between aluminum adjuvant contained and nonaluminum adjuvant contained vaccines in a new animal model which accords with the rabies field practice. Results At fourth and seventh day after immunization, the neutralizing antibody titres of the rabies vaccine containing aluminium adjuvant were much lower than that of the vaccine not containing aluminum adjuvant. In the NIH efficacy test the ED50 of the vaccine containing aluminum adjuvant was 93132 ng while the ED50 of the vaccine not containing aluminum adjuvant was 221 ng, but the NIH test does not accord with the rabies field practice. In that new animal model, aluminum adjuvant to rabies vaccine had not any promoting effect for preventing and treating rabies. Conclusion Aluminum adjuvant to rabies vaccine has no advantages, this paper suggests that the vaccines containing and notcontaining aluminium adjuvant had better compare in human bodies. If the results are the same as our experiments, the aluminum adjuvant should be eliminated from rabies vaccine for human use.