从《墨子》《史记》《白马篇》看古代游侠形象及其演变——从“天下为公”到保家卫国

The Images of Ancient Rangers and the Evolution from Mo Tzu,Historical Records and Chapter of White Horse: From "Things for the People" to "Defending the Motherland"

墨家思想为后世游侠精神的源头,墨子从思想到行动为后世的游侠树立了典范。战国至两汉是游侠的黄金时代,司马迁和班固记载了现实中游侠的侠义之举。曹魏立国,游侠作为阶层已不复存在,曹植以浪漫的气质和惊人的才华在《白马篇》中塑造了充满理想色彩的游侠形象。至此,"侠"的精神品格基本定型,侠的形象作为正义的化身不断出现在后世的文学作品中。

Mohist idea is the source of the spirit of future generations rangers.Mo Tzu set an example for future generations from thought to action for the rangers.From warring state period to Han Dynasty,it was the golden time for rangers.Sima Qian and Ban Gu documented reality of rangers.In Wei Dynasty,the ranger as a class no longer existed.Cao Zhi portrayed idealistic figures of rangers in Chapter of White Horse with romantic temperament and amazing talent.Thereafter,the spiritual character of ranger got the basic stereotypes and the image of ranger as the embodiment of justice,appeared in the later literary works continuously.