重油裂化催化剂的多功能化

MULTIPURPOSE FCC CATALYST FOR CRACKING HEAVY OIL

为了满足重油加工和新配方汽油生产的需要，对催化裂化催化剂进行多功能设计是当前的发展趋势。催化剂体系的多功能化体现在：（１）对重油大分子具有更高的可接近性和更为有效的裂化能力；（２）能够对付金属、含硫、含氮污染物；（３）能够对付残炭，将之转化为非焦来降低炭差；（４）在裂化条件下直接降低汽油中烯烃和硫的含量等。简要评述了上述几点对裂化催化剂在多功能化设计方面所取得的进展进行。

For heavy oil cracking and production of reformulated gasoline in FCCU, the future will ask for even more multifunctionalized FCC catalysts. Such catalysts should be very accessible and effective in cracking large hydrocarbon molecules and should have the capability to handle the contaminants like metal-, sulfur-, and nitrogen-compounds, also directly to reduce the content of gasoline-range sulfur compounds and olefins under cracking conditions. Moreover, conversion of CCR to non-coke components will be much more crucial in order to reduce the delta coke. In the present paper, the developments in multifunctionalizing FCC catalysts have been briefly reviewed in the above respects.