试论我国信用证立法中的保证制度——兼评《最高人民法院关于审理信用证纠纷案件若干问题的规定》第十六条

On Credit Guarantee System of Our Legislation of Letter of Credit

信用证业务在对外商事贸易活动中广泛运用,但信用证立法在我国尚属空白。最高人民法院公布的《最高人民法院关于审理信用证纠纷案件若干问题的规定》(简称《规定》)为信用证立法奠定了基础。《规定》第16条的"保证制度"与《担保法》中关于保证人的抗辩权规定不相一致,通过对《规定》和《担保法》中的"保证制度"进行比较分析,结合《跟单信用证统一惯例》(UCP600),认定《规定》中的"保证制度"是构建于《担保法》基石之上融合信用证特性所形成的一种特殊保证制度。

The letter of credit is used widely in foreign trade activities, but it is still blank in our legislation. Promulgated by the Supreme People＇s Court, the Regulations of the Supreme People＇s Court on the trial of credit problems （hereafter referred to as the Regulation） lays a foundation for the credit legislation. The guarantee system of Article 16 is not consistent with the provisions of the counterplead right. Compared the guarantee system of the Regulation with that of Guarantee Law, based on Uniform Custom and Practice for Documentary Credits （UCP600）, the guarantee system of the Regulation can be recognized as a kind of special guarantee system with characteristics of the letter of credit..