舱内爆炸冲击载荷特性实验研究

Experimental studies on characteristics of blast loading when exploded inside ship cabin

为探讨舱室抗爆结构设计,采用典型舱室结构进行了舱内爆炸模型实验,研究了舱内爆炸下的冲击载荷及其作用过程,分析了舱内爆炸载荷的强度及舱内爆炸载荷作用下舱室板架结构的失效模式。结果表明:舱内爆炸载荷与敞开环境下的爆炸载荷有较大区别,由于舰艇结构的影响,舱内爆炸下,舱室板架结构承受的冲击载荷除壁面反射冲击波外,在舱室角隅部位还有强度远大于壁面反射冲击波的汇聚冲击波,以及这些冲击波的多次反复作用;舱内爆炸下舱室板架中部结构所承受的初始冲击载荷强度与敞开环境爆炸下壁面反射冲击载荷强度相当,而角隅部位舱内爆炸载荷的强度远大于敞开环境爆炸下壁面反射冲击载荷;舱内爆炸下舱室板架结构的主要失效模式是沿角隅部位发生撕裂失效并发生大挠度外翻变形。

In order to explore the design method of blast resistant structure in ship cabin,model experi-ments of internal explosion were carried out using a typical ship cabin,the impact loads acted on ship structure and their characteristics were studied,the density of these impact loads and the failure mode of stiffened plates of a cabin under internal explosion loads were analyzed.The results show that there are great differences between internal blast loading in a ship cabin and blast loading in an open area;besides reflected shock wave,there is converged shock wave,whose density is far greater than the reflected impact wave,acted on stiffened plates in the corner of the cabin,in addition there are multiple repeat impact of these loading acted on the structure.The density of initial impact acted on the center of stiffened plates of ship cabin is approximately equal to that of on a plate in an open area,and density of initial impact acted on the corner of the cabin is far greater than that of on a plate in an open area.The main failure mode of stiffened plates of a cabin under internal explosion loads is tearing failure along the corner with large ev-erted deflection.