高尿酸血症的流行特征分析

The epidemiological feature of hyperuricemia

目的探讨高尿酸血症在人群的分布规律和流行病学特征,为预防心脑血管疾病和糖尿病提供科学依据。方法对广西60家省级机关事业单位2559名干部职工和离退休人员测量身高、体重、血压、心电图、B超,测定血尿酸、血脂、血糖。研究对象分为不同年龄、性别、民族、职业和血尿酸异常与正常组,进行统计比较。结果①高尿酸血症患病率为22.0%,其中男性33.5%,女性5.2%,性别间有显著差异(P<0.01);高尿酸血症主要分布在40和50岁年龄组,这两个年龄组百分比为77.1%(P<0.01);不同民族高尿酸血症患病率接近(P>0.05);执法部门、公务员和其他管理部门人群高血尿酸患病率分别为29.0%、25.2%、25.3%,高于其部门,职业分布上具有极显著差异(P<0.01)。②血尿酸与体重指数、总胆固醇、甘油三酯和空腹血糖为正相关关系,r=0.061～0.355。③高尿酸血症异常组高血压、心电图异常、脂肪肝、高胆固醇、高甘油三酯和高血糖明显高于正常组(P<0.01)。结论调查结果基本符合高尿酸血症的流行特征;高尿酸血症人群心脑血管疾病和糖尿病危险性高于正常人群。

Objective To explore the distribution pattern and epidemiological feature of hyperuricemia and provide scientific basis to prevent cardiovascular disease and diabetes.Methods 2559 population aged from 23 to 96 years were investigated from 60 provincial-level authorities and institutions in Guangxi.Those height,weight,blood pressure,electrocardiogram,B ultrasound,serum uric acid,blood lipids and blood glucose were measured respectively.Statistical comparisons were conducted in age group,gender,nationality,occupation,normal blood uric acid group and the abnormal group respectively.Results ①The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 22.0% （male 33.5%,female 5.2%）,and a significant difference was found between sexes （P0.01）;similar prevalence was found in different nations （P 0.05）;hyperuricemia mainly occurred in the 40 to 50 age group accounted for 77.1% （P0.01）;the prevalence of hyperuricemia in law enforcement departments,civil servants and other management groups were 29.0%,25.2%,25.3%,respectively,which showed a significant difference in occupational distribution （P0.01）;②A positive correlations was found in serum uric acid,body mass index,total cholesterol and triglyceride with fasting blood glucose respectively（r=0.061～0.355）.③The prevalence of hypertension,abnormal electrocardiogram,fatty liver,high cholesterol,high triglycerides and high blood sugar in normal blood uric acid group was significantly higher than normal group （P0.01）.Conclusion The survey results are consistent with the epidemiological features of hyperuricemia.The risk of occurring cardiovascular disease and diabetes is higher in high serum uric acid group compared to normal group.