中国“吏治”的困境及其应对之道——试从公共权力的异化及对其有效制约角度分析

The Predicament of China’s Management toward Officials and Its Way Out——From the Perspective of Alienation of Public Power and its Effective Control

“吏治”是一个古老而又严肃的话题，封建社会的“吏治”是天子驾驭群臣。安抚皇家“江山社稷”以维护皇权统治的重要内容，也是后世史学家评判历代“明君”和“贤臣”治理绩效的重要方面。在社会转型、经济转轨和建设有中国特色社会主义的今天，“吏治”腐败问题影响着国家政治、经济、社会的稳定和发展以及公民生活的各个方面。党和政府“立党为公、执政为民”的公信力面临严重挑战和威胁，如何走出“吏治”困境，突破“吏治”瓶颈显得尤为重要和紧迫。“吏治”腐败实际上是公共行政伦理失范而产生的公共权力私用的异化行为。从公共权力的异化和制约角度分析探讨，对认识和应对中国“吏治”的困境问题意义重大。

＂Management Toward Officials＂ is an old and serious topic, it used to be an important task for the feudal emperors to control the officials and to govern the empires, also it is an important aspect for the later historians to make judgment of the ＂perspica- cious rulers＂and ＂virtuous and capable ministers＂. Till today, with social and economic transformation and building socialism with Chi- nese characteristics, for the Party＇s ineffective management toward officials, the value that the Party strives for the public interests and exercises governance for the people is facing impending challenge and threats. How to fight out of the predicament and break through the bottle-neck is of vital importance. We should fight against the alienation of public power resulted from anomie of administrative ethics. It is of great importance to study the problem from the perspective of alienation of public power and its control, with a view to get certain enlightenments for settling this severe problem.