贸易自由化与我国农村贫困和减贫

Trade Liberalization versus China's Rural Poverty and Poverty Reduction

贸易自由化与我国农村贫困的关系是极其复杂的,对农村脱贫兼具正反两种效应。总体上讲,贸易自由化对我国农村摆脱贫困的影响是利大于弊:农民会从贸易自由化中获益,使其尽快摆脱贫困;加快了城市化进程。而对于经济欠发达地区的农民,贸易自由化对其的影响多是负的。应正视贸易自由化与我国农村贫困的关系,着眼于贸易自由化对我国农业发展的长远利益,适时适宜制定贸易自由化条件下我国农村减贫的对策,加快农村减贫的进程。其对策是:建立农民的政治和经济参与制度;支持广大农户多元化的创收活动;改革和完善农村的金融服务市场;增加对农业的科学技术知识投入;加大贫困地区农村基础设施建设;鼓励农民进城务工和向城市迁移。

The relationship between trade liberalization and rural poverty in China are extremely complicated, which has positive and negative effects on rural poverty reduction. In general, the advantages of the influence outweigh the disadvantages： trade liberalization can help the farmers east off poverty as soon as possible and quicken the process of urbanization. However, the effect of trade liberalization is mostly negative on the farmers lived in undeveloped area. Therefore, we should face up to the relationship between trade liberalization and rural poverty in China, focus on its long-term benefits for agricultural development to make policies on rural poverty reduction under the condition of trade liberalization, and speed the progress of rural poverty reduction. The strategies are to build the participaring system on pelirieal and economic affairs for the farmers, support the farmers＇ various profitable activities, reform and improve financial service market in rural areas, increase investment of agricultural science and technology infrastrue＇ture construction in poor rural areas, and encourage the farmers to work and migrate to the cities.