外来入侵植物黄顶菊与四种牧草间化感互作

The mutual allelopathic effect between invasive plant Flaveria bidentis and four forgage species

选择对入侵植物化感作用具有耐受力的物种进行生物替代,有助于实现对被入侵生境有效的生态重建。本研究通过培养皿生测方法探讨了外来入侵植物黄顶菊与欧洲菊苣、红三叶、紫花苜蓿和一年生黑麦草之间的化感互作。结果表明黄顶菊和4种牧草的化感活性取决于植物组织来源和浸提液浓度水平。黄顶菊茎叶及根系浸提液在供试浓度范围内对紫花苜蓿化感综合效应均小于0,表现出促进生长的作用;而对其他牧草有不同程度的抑制。同时紫花苜蓿浸提液也对黄顶菊有较强的化感作用,其茎叶和根系浸提液对黄顶菊的化感综合效应值分别达65%和93%,为较有替代潜力的牧草种类。

Efforts to control exotic invasive allelopathic plants and reclamation of invaded areas may require establishing species that are tolerant to allelochemicals. Mutual allelopathy between invasive plant Flaveria bidentis and four forage species, Cichorium intybus , Tri folium pratense , Medicago sativa and Lolium multi flo- rum, was investigated through Petri dishes assay in the laboratory. The results showed that allelopathic activity depended on both the concentration levels of the extracts and plant tissues from which the extract was derived. The synthetic effect of both types of aqueous extract across the concentration range from F. bidentis on M. sativa was less zero, thus the growth of this forage species was actually stimulated while other three forage species inhibited at most concentrations, even to different degree. At same time, this forage species shows higher phytotoxic activity on the germination and seedling growth of seed of F. bidentis, respectively, with the synthetic effect of 65% and 93% with leaf and stems and roots extract, respectively. Based on these results, we assigned the species M. sativa as promising native species for restoration of sites infested with F. bidentis.