库布齐沙地五种植物主要品质性状季节性变化研究

A study on seasonal dynamics of qualititive characters of five plant species in Kubqi sandy land

对沙打旺、羊柴、草木樨状黄芪、达乌里胡枝子和油蒿营养成分测定结果表明,5种沙地植物叶和茎营养成分均有明显的季节性变化,粗蛋白、粗脂肪和磷含量逐渐降低,而酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维和钙含量逐渐上升。7月初,无氮浸出物含量比其他月高,例如,沙打旺叶无氮浸出物含量高达53.5%(P<0.05);8月初,纤维物质开始显著增加,如沙打旺和羊柴茎中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维分别高达55.3%和50.5%,且与前3个月比较差异显著(P<0.05),因此为获得高品质牧草,采收季节以6月底-7月中旬为宜。油蒿叶中粗蛋白含量虽然很低,但粗脂肪和钙含量却很高,7月初分别高达3.3%和4.1%,且与其他植物比较差异显著(P<0.05),通过适时刈割和加工调制仍可获得优质牧草。

The nutrition of Astragalus adsurgens, Hedysarum laeve, Astragalus melilotoides, Lespedeza davurica and Artemisia desertorum were measured. The nutrition of the five species of sandy plants showed obvious seasonal dynamic changes. As the growing season progressed, crude protein, crude fat and phosphorus content in the leaves and stems gradually declined, whereas ADF, NDF, and calcium content increased. Nitrogen free extract content at the beginning of July was higher than at other times, e.g. it reached 53. 5% （P〈0.05） in leaves of A. adsurgens. At the beginning of August, fibre showed an upward trend, e.g. NDF and ADF contents of A. adsurgens and H. laeve reached 55.3% and 50.5%, respectively, a significant （P〈0.05） increase. Therefore, to obtain high-quality forage, the best harvest time would be from the end of June to the middle of July. Although crude protein content in leaves of A. desertorum was low, crude fat and calcium content were relatively high, 3.3% and 4.1% （P〈0.05） respectively. High-quality forage can be produced with timely mowing and processing modulation.